• Rare earth mining in China: the bleak social and environmental costs

     · They're crucial in manufacturing a broad array of hightech products, such as smartphones, wind turbines, camera lenses, magnets and missile defence systems. China produces more than 85% of the...

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  • Environmental and Economic – International Nickel Study Group

    Identifying the metals that are produced as byproducts and coproducts of mining or smelting/refining Trends in usage of these metals (by tonnage and value) Outlook for supply Outlook for demand, including emerging uses Historic price trends Government proposals for stockpiles, trade policy, R D, etc. The REACH status of each of the metals.

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  • Explainer: These six metals are key to a lowcarbon future

     · Matrix of metals and energy technologies explored in World Bank lowcarbon future scenario study. World Bank 2017. Of course, these metals will not only be used for lowcarbon technologies, but everything from smartphones to weaponry.. In his 2016 book The Elements of Power, David S Abraham argued that what he calls "rare metals" – those, such as cobalt and .

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  • Frontiers | Exploration for Byproduct Critical Element Resources: .

     · Examples of these byproduct critical metal and minerals include Sb, Cd, Co, In, Se, and Te, which are used in technologies for lowemissions energy production such as solar panels and wind turbines, and energy storage, such as batteries ( Jowitt et .

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  • 10 Most Toxic Ingredients Used In Coal, Oil and Gas Production

     · Pet coke is an increasingly abundant byproduct of tar sands bitumen oil processing. It is a heavy dust which resembles coal. It contains dozens of dangerous chemicals and heavy metals, including chromium, vanadium, sulfur and selenium. Research on its risks to public health have been scant; the little research so far is inconclusive.

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  • Future availability of nonrenewable metal resources and the .

     · Metal mining provides the elements required for the provision of energy, communiion, transport and more. The increasing uptake of green technology, such as electric vehicles and renewable ...

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  • Coal Combustion Byproducts Aren't All Bad: The Beneficial Use Solution

     · One of the byproducts of the process is calcium sulfate, or synthetic gypsum, which has the same composition as natural gypsum. Although not technically ash, synthetic gypsum is managed and...

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  • Formaldehyde and Cancer Risk

    A number of cohort studies involving workers exposed to formaldehyde have recently been completed. One study, conducted by NCI, looked at 25,619 workers in industries with the potential for occupational formaldehyde exposure and estimated each worker's exposure to the chemical while at work ( 5 ). The results showed an increased risk of death ...

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  • Mining and quarrying in the UK

     · Source: ONS, UK GDP(O) low level aggregates, 21 December 2018 Production and trade. Although the UK has significant domestic supply of some minerals, it is a net importer of many minerals and ...

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  • Responsible Sourcing of Critical Metals

     · the main drivers for responsible mining of most critical metals are not responsible sourcing initiatives from consumers but the need for mining companies to (1) satisfy investment banks in order to raise capital, (2) gain informal approval (social licence to operate) from their host communities, and (3) comply with the laws of the countries in .

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  • Toxic shadow: phosphate miners in Morocco fear they pay a .

     · The factory, run by the stateowned mining giant OCP, converts phosphate rock into fertiliser and phosphoric acid, a common additive in soft drinks. Morocco and Western Sahara sit on around 75% of...

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  • Climate risk and decarbonization: What every mining CEO needs .

     · In the mining industry, the impact of climate change and how the industry can respond to it has increasingly been a topic of discussion over the past decade. Mining is no stranger to harsh climates; much of the industry already operates in inhospitable conditions. But forecasts of hazards such as heavy precipitation, drought, and heat indie these effects will .

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  • Aluminium production environmental impact

    Worldwide, 1 tonne of alumina is produced from around tonnes of bauxite 2 The resulting bauxite residue ('red mud') is of insoluble particles. Bauxite residue, Western Australia Bauxite residue from the Bayer process has long posed a problem for storage and management.

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  • The Catastrophic Effects Of Mining Diamonds | Ethica Diamonds .

     · Gold and diamond mining create extreme environmental damage including logging and removing hundreds of tons of earth to mine a diamond, however, there is also the contamination resulting from leakage of chemicals also affect the health of the local population.

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  • Environmental Risks of Mining

    Another example of harmful dust generated is flue dust, a byproduct of mining fluorine. According to the Chinese Society of Rare Earths, every ton of REE produced generates kilograms of fluorine and 13 kilograms of flue dust, waste materials which contain the heavy metals discussed above (Schuler et al, 2011).

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  • Iron And Steel Production

    Iron And Steel Production ... Powdered reagents are injected into the metal through a lance with highpressure nitrogen. The process duration varies with the injection rate, hot metal chemistry, and desired final sulfur content, and is in the range of 5 to 30 minutes. Steelmaking Process — Basic Oxygen Furnaces In the basic oxygen process (BOP), molten .

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  • About the Authors

    environmental issues. Although metal production is of critical importance to the future of society, the very nature of mining and mineral processing activities raise many environmental questions. We hope that Metal Mining and the Environmentwill help you identify and consider those questions. Through improved science and technology,

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  • The production of consumption: addressing the impact of mineral mining ...

     · Why are miners in southern Africa at high risk of tuberculosis? The mining industry is among southern Africa's largest employers, particularly in the Republic of South Africa, where one of every ten employed men (at least 500,000 men) mines for gold, diamonds or other minerals [2, 3].The South African government reports the incidence of tuberculosis to be as .

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  • Fossil Fuels: The Dirty Facts | NRDC

     · Coal is extracted via two methods: Underground mining uses heavy machinery to cut coal from deep underground deposits, while surface mining (also known as strip mining) removes entire layers of...

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  • List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor

    Some children, as young as age five, are recruited for work through an advance payment to their parents, creating a situation of debt bondage which the child must work to repay. The children are isolated, often live at the worksite, and face restricted freedom of movement. Some children are exposed to dye and toxic chemicals without protective equipment; and some are forced to .

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